Here’s
another interesting article from ND Daily where they interview the creators of
HKTV’s new series Borderline and find out from them some of the details
involving in the ‘making’ of the series. In the process, we also get to
learn more about HKTV’s operations internally and the goals of the station in
terms of production values and such.
I’m
not going to comment much, as I feel the article really speaks for
itself. But I will say this – understanding now the
behind-the-scenes effort that HKTV put into making each of their series, I
definitely applaud and appreciate them more. I’ve been following this
free TV license issue thing for close to 2 years already and throughout the
process, my respect for HKTV has continued to grow. When I first read
about some of the ‘non-traditional’ (in the context of HK series filming
process) things that HKTV was doing to purposefully stand apart from rival TVB
(i.e.: 100% complete scripts prior to filming, 8-12 hour workdays for
employees, real location filming for all their series, catered full meals
including 3 dishes + 1 soup for its filming crew, investing in high quality
filming equipment that is regularly used in Hollywood productions, etc.), I was
already thoroughly impressed with the efforts, especially given how ‘different’
the methods were from the standard HK series production methods employed by
TVB. Now, after reading the below article, I’m even more impressed!
Wow
– when Ricky Wong said that his company takes the production of TV series very
seriously, he truly wasn’t kidding! Really, let’s be honest here –
how many other local TV stations can you think of (not counting Hollywood) that
would go to such great lengths (research / study filming techniques, focus
group studies, series re-shoots, trial screenings, etc.) as well as invest so
much time and money to produce quality series? And not just that, but
pretty much making their productions primarily ‘audience-driven?
Lastly,
I want to emphasize one thing – no matter how much people may dislike Ricky
Wong because of his arrogant / aggressive personality, irreverent rhetoric, or
whatever reason, we can’t deny the fact that he and his company (HKTV) have put
in tremendous effort into trying to ‘change’ the HK television industry for the
better. Speaking from the perspective of an audience / consumer -- no
matter what I think of him as a person (I will admit that I still have
reservations about him), I appreciate the efforts that have been made and will
gladly give credit where it is due. Regardless of whether HKTV ends up
getting their license or not in the future, they have already made a positive
impact on the HK television industry – that should at least count for
something!
P.S.: For the record – I’m one of those ‘overseas’
audiences who is already used to watching Hollywood productions, so for people
like us, the stuff that HKTV is doing might not seem like a big deal (since
those methods are ‘standard fare’ in Hollywood). But at the same time, I’m also part of the HK
audience (since I’m also a long-time follower of HK entertainment and TVB) and
if I look at this whole issue purely from an HK audience’s perspective, all the
stuff HKTV is attempting to do is truly ‘different’ and ‘groundbreaking’. [Just wanted to clarify this so as to avoid
unnecessary confusion for those who may not be regular readers of my blog.]
******
ND Daily
Exclusive: A different way of filming HK
television series -- interview with the creators of HKTV’s new crime thriller
Borderline
Translation: llwy12
Article originally
published June 19th, 2013
It
has been more than 1200 days since HKTV (formerly CTI) chairman Ricky Wong (王维基) submitted his application for a
free-to-air television license to the HK government – as of right now, the
license still has not been issued.
The
HK television industry has seen a pretty dismal ratings slump recently – with
the lack of ‘refreshing’ series for HK audiences to be excited about in recent
months, what choice do audiences have except to either turn off their
television sets completely or just leave the television on unattended while
they go about their chores and tend to other more important matters?
Actually,
there IS another choice! During their
arduous 3 year (and counting) wait for a license, HKTV has been quite busy –
they currently have 8 completed series in their inventory, with additional
series still filming. Not one to sit
idly and ‘wait for the tea to get cold’, Ricky Wong started up a ‘Like’
campaign on Facebook last week that featured links to short trailer clips of
the first episode of his series on Youtube, ultimately culminating in a poll
that allowed netizens to choose which series they wanted to watch most. The result:
crime thriller Borderline (警界线)
– starring Liu Kai Chi (廖啟智), Dominic Lam (林嘉華), Lawrence Chou (周俊偉), etc. – garnered 3000
of the 7000 votes submitted, making it the ‘winner’ amongst the 8 series. Therefore, as promised, HKTV premiered the
complete, 42 minute commercial-free first episode of Borderline on Youtube
last Friday night at 9:30pm (HKT).
Within 48 hours, the first episode garnered 300,000 hits on Youtube and
as of yesterday (6/18/13), that number has risen to more than 380,000 hits,
which is equivalent to an estimated 6 to 7 ratings points in the television world. In addition, the feedback [toward the
series] from netizens on Youtube and
Facebook have been overwhelmingly positive.
Indeed, the enthusiastic response from netizens has been very
encouraging for the HKTV staff and as a result, they are considering the
possibility of further on-line ‘activity’ for the series in the near future. [TN: I
take this to mean that HKTV might air additional episodes of the series online
in the future? Hope so!]
Last
week, ND Daily’s reporter visited HKTV’s headquarters and interviewed 2 of the
‘brains’ behind the series Borderline: HKTV’s creative director
Chu King Kei (朱镜祺) and main producer So Man Chung (蘇萬聰). [TN:
both Chu Sir and So Man Chung used to work for TVB – see their descriptions
below at the end of the article.]
Together, the 2 of them provide us with detailed insight into some of
the work involved in producing the crime drama and also attempt to explain,
from their perspective, the reason behind the premiere episode’s tremendous
success.
As
a sidenote – you may be wondering why we [ND Daily] are paying so much
attention to a series that hasn’t even seen the light of day on HK’s television
screens yet? One reason is because out of the 8 HKTV series
previewed so far, Borderline’s strong, fast pace and spectacular movie quality
action scenes give viewers a sense of freshness. The most important reason though is actually
all the behind-the-scenes effort that the HKTV production team put into
creating their series: in the past 1000+
days, the HKTV staff weren’t just sitting around helplessly waiting for their
license – rather, they’ve been actively doing a lot of non-traditional
‘pre-production’ work, such as specialized ‘focus group’ studies, audience
trial screenings and feedback meetings, sample re-shoots of American TV series, research and
study of movie-filming techniques, etc…..all of this is part of HKTV’s ‘attempt’
to change the stagnant situation that the HK television industry has been in
for the past decade. With that said
though, HKTV will be the first to admit that it’s impossible for HK series to
change to a purely Westernized method of filming right away – but with the
current feeble state of the HK television industry as well as audiences growing
tired of the unchanging ‘TVB method’ to drama series, HKTV should at least
deserve some credit for their well-intentioned ‘attempt’ at filming a “new type
of HK series”.
PART A: What exactly does a “new type of HK series”
entail?
To
help us understand HKTV’s direction and focus, Chu King Kei and So Man Chung
provided a detailed ‘summary’ of Ricky Wong’s vision and instructions when it
comes to producing quality TV series:
**
TV series can’t be boring -- the dialogue
needs to be short and precise so that audiences don’t feel like they’re
‘listening’ to the TV, the visual effects need to make audiences feel like they
are ‘watching’ TV.
Recently,
TVB experienced a ‘meltdown’ when a few of their ‘heavyweight’ series failed to
garner both high ratings and good word of mouth, with audiences lamenting that
TVB’s series have “lost their past splendor” and instead have resorted to becoming
“housewife soap operas” and “highbrow literary series”. In the face of such criticism, how should a
production team go about finding a path straight to audiences’ hearts while at
the same time ensuring they create a high quality, meticulous product with a
captivating story?
HKTV’s
creative director Chu King Kei (Chu Sir) explains it this way: “Let’s take TVB’s Beauty at War (金枝慾孽貳) for example – I feel
that it definitely was a breakthrough series, but unfortunately, there were too
many ‘personal’ elements in it.
[Scriptwriter] Chow Yuk Ming (周旭明)
and [producer] Jonathan Chik (戚其義) liked to use Kunqu
opera and the ‘rumor’ theme to ‘package’ the series, but that only caused the
‘dramatic’ element to be lowered. That
type of series requires audiences to pay careful attention and follow along
closely as the drama slowly unfolds – in other words, it’s not much of a
‘commercial’ work.”
Chu
Sir continues: “Ricky Wong requires us
to produce works that are more ‘commercial’ in nature. For example, he requires us to have the best artistry
and aesthetic effects in every series, so we have to pay very close attention
to everything – we have to use the best cameras and ensure that things such as
use of lenses, editing, color scheme, etc. meet the highest level standard –
our goal is to give the series a ‘movie’ effect. First and foremost though, the number one
requirement is that the series cannot be ‘boring’ to the point that audiences
don’t want to watch. It doesn’t matter
if the production team feels that the series is of high quality – the audiences
have to feel the same way in order for it to count. Given this standard, we pretty much have to
edit every single one of our series multiple times – for example, with Borderline,
we did a lot of editing and cut a lot of stuff out so that the series overall
is more compact. A good thing about this
method is that it helps you further understand what exactly about this series
is most appealing to audiences. Also, in
a sense, we are trying to change audience’s habit of ‘listening’ to the TV
rather than watching it, hence our huge emphasis on the best visual effects –
if we are successful in this area, then there is no need for unnecessary
dialogue. These past 6 months, one of
the biggest things that Mr. Wong has been trying to do is make our series more
‘Westernized’.”
**
The first 15 minutes of a series is
crucial and determines its ‘life’ or ‘death’; TVB is the established ‘first
wife’, how can a ‘third party’ compete? Got
to be overly excited and zealous!
Last
week, HKTV put up 5 to 10 minute trailers of their 8 completed series on
Youtube and from the number of ‘hits’ they received, determined which series
was the most popular. For these types of
trailers, most production teams would do a ‘special feature’ version where all
the best parts of the series are included in those few minutes, however HKTV chose
to do the opposite: for Borderline,
they chose to air the unedited first 11 minutes of the series and to everyone’s
surprise, the clip garnered 44,000 ‘Likes’ on Facebook within the very first
day it was posted.
Towards
the popularity of Borderline after only viewing the first 11 minutes of the
series, Chu Sir explains: “It’s no
secret that ‘the first 15 minutes of a series determines its life or death’ –
this concept applies to HK series as well, it’s just that most production teams
don’t really pay close enough attention to this. American series actually place heavy emphasis
on the first 15 minutes – the competition is greater over there because 1)
there are a lot of TV stations to choose from and 2) American audiences have
too many good things to watch, so they are a lot more selective and picky when
it comes to this stuff. When I used to
work at a TV station in Taiwan, I felt the same way. Taiwan has more than 100 TV stations, so
audiences could sit at home with their remote and switch back and forth between
channels –they could watch a minute of a series and if they don’t like it,
switch to something else. Knowing this,
we put a lot of thought into the opening 15 minutes of Borderline – we wanted to
make sure that within the first 10 minutes, there was enough suspense to make
audiences feel that the entire segment is worth watching; every 5 minutes or so
we would present a crisis, an intense moment, or situation that moves
audiences.”
Why
pack so much suspense in the first 15 minutes?
Chu Sir explains: “Because we
believe in competition! It’s necessary
to make the first 15 minutes such high density to ensure that audiences remain
engaged and don’t want to take their eyes off the screen. We’re fighting a life
and death battle here!”
Chu
Sir shared the analogy that Ricky Wong often used: “Mr. Wong often tells us that audiences will
naturally have an emotional attachment to TVB, after all they’ve been
‘together’ for so long, like a couple that has been married for more than 40
years – as the newly joined ‘third party’, how can we compete? If you want to pull the audiences over to
your side, you need put on the charm – this requires a lot of hard work as well
as lots of energy and commitment.
Sometimes, you may need to be overly zealous and excited.”
**
A different way of watching TV series –
make the series feel like a movie.
After
the first episode of Borderline premiered on Youtube last
Friday, HKTV also uploaded the episode to Tudou and Youku so that Mainland
audiences would be able to watch as well. ND Daily’s reporter gathered together some of
the comments that Mainland audiences posted on sites such as Sina Weibo,
Douban, etc. after watching the first episode and overall the comments have
been positive. A few examples of the
comments from Mainland audiences: “The
picture quality is awesome, the movie-like feel is great, gives me the urge to
once again turn on the television and chase series everyday; the editing, lighting, props, story,
characters, etc. leave TVB behind by miles;
the veteran actors draw us in with their fine acting, the dramatic
tension is just right, the gun battle scenes feel like they’re from a
movie; after watching TVB’s ‘traditional
formula’ series for decades, I would like to give Ricky Wong some encouragement
and hope that audiences have more options…”
After
reading through all the comments, ND Daily’s reporter was surprised to discover
that the feedback from audiences coincided perfectly with the HKTV production
team’s ‘original intention’ as relayed to us when we interviewed the series’
director So Man Chung last week. Chung
Gor feels that audiences who enjoy watching movies and overseas (i.e. American)
series are used to ‘battling wits’ with the directors and scriptwriters – they
like to take apart each scene, catch on to every underlying signal or message,
etc. and from doing so, they find joy in the viewing experience. HK audiences on the other hand are completely
opposite -- they’ve essentially been ‘spoiled’ by decades of watching HK
‘formula’ series and feel that they should just be able to sit at home and
watch without having to think and still be able to understand what’s going on. Indeed,
the era of ‘blindly’ watching series should be gone already….with Borderline,
HKTV is attempting to give HK audiences a different type of viewing experience
– a TV series with a movie-like feel.
Below
are a few more ‘guidelines’ that the HKTV production team must keep in mind in
the course of putting together their series:
**
Our series should maintain a fast pace –
think of it as targeting audiences with fast CPUs.
**
Don’t give the characters too much dialogue,
as the audiences shouldn’t be able to see through what the characters are
thinking; audiences will feel that handling the dialogue this way is ‘cool’.
**
Don’t make the dialogue too long, one
line after another, and have the artists speak slower – this helps to draw out
the emotional factor a bit more
**
We sometimes put the camera at
unconventional angles, completely opposite of what the audiences may be used to
seeing – this helps to draw in a more ‘movie-like’ feel and changes audiences’
viewing experience.
**
We often utilize a nonlinear, balanced
editing method for certain scenes that will make audiences feel as though
they’ve just been ‘played’, but then when they figure things out, it gives them
a huge sense of satisfaction.
PART B: What type of pre-production ‘homework’ is
the production team required to do?
With
the goal of pursuing a more ‘Westernized’ method of filming HK series, the HKTV
team has been observing the filming methods of overseas series (i.e. American
series) and instituting similar ‘prep work’ processes with their production
team.
** Scriptwriters are
required to write a ‘biography’ for each character that never makes it into the
final production.
When
it comes to the scripts for their series, the standard is very high. In addition to the full script, each
scriptwriter is required to write a complete ‘character biography’. Chu Sir explains: “When we were at TVB, they would also require
us to write what we call a ‘script bible’ (天書), which basically
consisted of a plot summary and brief character descriptions – each department
would utilize this to go about their business.
But here at HKTV, we go much more in-depth than that: we actually focus on the meticulous details
of each character, to the point that we are essentially writing a ‘biography’
of the character – for example, what is this character’s personality, what has
he done from the time he was born until now, who are his parents and where are
they from, what are their backgrounds, where did he go to school, when did he
have his first relationship and what was that experience like, etc….all the
details. The important thing to note is
that these character biographies serve as the scriptwriters’ ‘homework’ only –
none of these details make it into the final production. In fact, we don’t even include any of these
details in the plot summary! The only
people who end up reading these biographies are the production team (producer,
director, etc.) and the artists who portray the characters. Doing these character biographies forces us
to get an in-depth understanding of each character so that even if it’s only
the developmental stage, the dramatic element is already there.”
** Production team is
required to re-shoot (re-enact) scenes from American series to understand what
the challenges are to adapting those filming methods.
During
the course of the interview, Chu King Kei also revealed another detail involved
in HKTV’s productions: “One of the
‘projects’ that we had to do was spend 4 days exploring the success and failure
of certain American series. Very few TV
stations will do this kind of thing, but here at HKTV, they truly do allow the
production team to halt production for a few days just to do this kind of
research and analysis. Not only that, we
were also asked to try re-shooting scenes from certain American series
ourselves and in the process of doing so, identify any challenges / obstacles
we see. Of course, the most obvious
challenge is money, as the production costs for American series is 10x more
than ours – outside of that though, what are the biggest obstacles to being
able to film HK series in a similar fashion?
Is it a problem with lack of proper skill and technique? Is it lack of knowledge? How do they handle storyline and plot
development? Understanding all of these
things helps us learn how produce better series.”
** Audience involvement
in production of series through utilization of ‘focus groups’
Most
of the general public seems to be under the impression that in the past 3
years, HKTV’s staff hasn’t done much except sit around waiting for their
license to be issued and that the series they have completed are just sitting
in the warehouse collecting dust. After
visiting HKTV’s headquarters, ND Daily’s
reporters can tell you directly that this ‘impression’ is entirely false. In reality, the HKTV team has been quite busy
these past 3 years, working on various projects outside of filming series.
Starting
in November 2011, the HKTV production team divided themselves up into 8 teams,
with each team focused on the production details of a particular series. One of
the most interesting ‘exercises’ that these teams went through was working with
specialized ‘focus groups’ -- groups
consisting of audience members who would give feedback on the series being
filmed throughout the entire production process. This was one of the methods they had learned
that American series production teams often utilized. In
accordance with HKTV’s philosophy of being ‘HK audience’s station’, there is
heavy emphasis on audience participation and them having a say on how the
productions turn out. Therefore, the
production team is constantly encouraged to interact with audiences and are
provided various opportunities to do so – one of these opportunities is in the
form of ‘focus groups’.
Amongst
all of HKTV’s series, Borderline went through the most ‘focus
group’ exercises and as a result, the series’ total points were the highest
amongst the audiences surveyed. The
first group consisted of audiences who only watch TVB series – they rated the
series an average of 7.8 points. The
second group consisted of audiences who watch both TVB series as well as
overseas series (i.e. series from U.S. and other countries) – they rated the
series at 8 points. Lastly, the third
group consisted of audiences who don’t watch free TV at all and pretty much
only watched overseas series – their score was 8.4 points. This exercise was an eye-opener for the
production team – back when they all worked for TVB, it was pretty much a given
that the younger audiences would be the most difficult to attract and retain,
since majority of them are already too used to watching stuff on a
computer. But with the results of the
focus group exercises as well as the feedback on Borderline’s airing, the
production team realized that it actually IS possible to draw in the younger
audiences.
** Film a pilot episode
first, then hold audience trial screenings before deciding whether to continue
with the series
Ricky
Wong has always been known as an expert businessman who is very adept at his
craft – he understands very well how to utilize scientific knowledge and
methods to obtain information and feedback from customers. Utilizing these skills, Ricky Wong instituted
the concept of having the production team film a pilot episode of a series
first, then hold audience trial screenings to obtain feedback and from there,
determine whether to continue filming the series or abandon it. The first series they tried this ‘pilot
episode’ concept with is Flow of the Years (歲月樓情)
[starring Ha Yu (夏雨), Paw Hee Ching (鲍起静),
Felix Wong (黃日華), Leila Tong (唐寧), etc.]. After filming the pilot episode, HKTV held a
large-scale ‘trial screening’ for the series, inviting approximately 120
audience members to participate – after watching, the audience had to fill out
a detailed survey. The production team
would then reflect on the feedback from those surveys and make improvements to
their filming process, script, plot, etc. in accordance with it. This process is actually very similar to what
American production companies do with their TV series – they film a pilot
episode first, then do market analysis via surveys from audiences before
deciding whether to continue with the series.
This is another example of HKTV’s goal of ‘Westernizing’ their filming
methods.
** With Borderline’s premiere on Youtube, if
majority feedback is negative, then immediate changes will be made…
The
premiere of Borderline’s first episode last Friday launched another round
of audience interaction with the HKTV production team. The series’ producer So Man Chung admits that
they (the production team) already anticipated a positive response to the first
episode: “Actually, back when we aired
the 11 minute trailer clip, we received feedback almost immediately. The netizens on Youtube and Facebook were
actually pretty fierce – they are able to speak freely with no burdens and
certainly are not going to worry about giving you any face! Based on the feedback we received at that
time, we did a lot of self-reflection – could it be that there was truly a
problem with the way we structured the series?
Perhaps we need to adjust the way we handled certain scenes? Actually, the first episode of the series
that we aired on Youtube last Friday is different from the original version
that we filmed internally – I made some additional edits to the episode and cut
out 2 major scenes. A few audiences also
complained that some of Lawrence Chou’s lines weren’t spoken clearly enough, so
I had him come in and re-dub some of his scenes.”
Chu
Sir also praised this method of interacting with the audiences and making
changes based on their feedback: “This
is a new, refreshing experience for us – it’s actually quite exciting! The reactions from netizens are more forthcoming
and real, since they can speak without burden – production teams should face
these criticisms head-on and not be afraid to make improvements when things
aren’t right. The direction given to us
by the company is that whatever can be changed should be changed. If there is any one thing that a lot of
people complain about as being ‘not good’, then it needs to be changed
immediately!”
** At TVB, the
production team would only receive survey results every couple of years
The
ideas of ‘focus groups’ and filming pilot episodes have been in existence for a
long time already and the concept of audience surveys is often utilized by many
of HK’s large-scale media companies. Hasn’t
TVB ever done these types of surveys or realized their importance? Chu Sir responds: “To be honest, when I was at TVB, I had never
heard about ‘focus groups’ – I was never involved in any matters related to
market research and analysis, so my knowledge of this stuff was very
limited. My understanding is that TVB
did do phone surveys and there would be reports summarizing those results every
so often, but the production team never got the chance to interact so closely
with audiences and actually see / hear their feedback. It’s possible that the colleagues in the
sales and marketing department and the executives [at TVB] did have interaction
with audiences and get to see the reports, but perhaps they felt it wasn’t
important for the rest of the production team to know the results. I remember when I was one of the head
scriptwriters for TVB, I would receive 1 or 2 reports every couple of years
that summarized how audiences felt about certain series, but it was nowhere
near as detailed as what we do here at HKTV.”
.********.
About the series Borderline (警界線)
Borderline is yet another story
about an ‘undercover cop’, however in the series, there isn’t just one
undercover agent. Liu Kai Chi, Dominic Lam, Lawrence Chou, Leila
Tong, and Joman Chiang share the 5 lead roles in the series. Amongst the group, one of the characters is a
‘marginalized’ cop who spent12 years working as an undercover agent (Liu Kai
Chi), another is an experienced left-handed sniper (Dominic), another is a
hot-tempered cop who was once framed for a murder he didn’t commit (Lawrence), the
fourth is a spinster female cop who has never used a gun before, but ends up
firing 3 shots that become critical to solving the case (Leila), and lastly is
a female senior inspector who is also a military weapons expert (Joman). Together, this group of ‘cops and criminals’
will match wits and strength and in the process, defy the boundaries between ‘black’
and ‘white’.
.-----.
TN: Below is the translation of the ‘official’
plot summary that HKTV released back in August 2012 when they held the official
press conference for the series. I chose
to include it because it gives a bit more detailed summary of the plot:
Plot Summary:
Haivng
a clear separation between black and white, placing heavy emphasis on
discipline – both are the most important ‘boundaries’ for a cop. But if those
boundaries are broken through and cops collaborate with crooks, the
investigative process as well as the probability of cracking the case becomes
limitlessly greater. A 12 year undercover agent living on the edge, a
hot-tempered cop who once broke out of jail after he was framed for crime, a
‘King of Robbers’ who was once jailed for a crime he didn’t commit and now
specializes in robbing crooks, a ‘spinster’ female cop who had never fired a
single shot in her life and relies on her wits as well as life experiences to
‘figure out’ criminals, a fugitive from the law who is obsessed with female
cops but always puts righteousness ahead of all else, and finally a
high-ranking female officer who is also a military weapons expert – together,
they will match wits as well as match strength. Out of this will come not only
love, hate, and sparks, it will also break all boundaries – joining forces to
crack cold cases and locate criminals, it creates an entirely different
battlefield. Through blood, tears, life, and death, these most ‘hot-blooded’ of
cops and criminals manifest the brilliance of human nature, leaving behind one
touching, heart-stopping story after another.
.*****.
PROFILE
of the creative team behind Borderline:
Chu King Kei (朱镜祺): Known as ‘Chu Sir’ to those in the industry,
Chu King Kei was formerly one of TVB’s ‘golden’ scriptwriters. Throughout his 25 year career at TVB, Chu Sir
participated in the production of numerous series, including E.U.
(學警狙擊), Burning Flame (烈火雄心), La Femme Desperado (女人唔易做), You’re Hired (絕代商驕), etc. Amongst those, Chu Sir’s most representative
work is E.U., as he is credited for creating the character of ‘Laughing
Gor’. Chu Sir is currently one of HKTV’s
creative directors (aka scriptwriter).
So Man Chung (蘇萬聰): Known
as ‘MC’ to his colleagues, So Man Chung was formerly one of TVB’s main
directors. In his long career at TVB, he
also participated in the production of numerous series, including Triumph in
the Skies (衝上雲宵), Detective
Investigation Files I-IV (刑事偵緝檔案I-IV), Lives of Omission
(潛行狙擊), etc. So Man Chung is currently one of HKTV’s main
directors (aka producer).
